This chapter, Neuromusculoskeletal Ultrasound of the Shoulder, provides a comprehensive overview of ultrasound imaging techniques for evaluating the complex structures of the shoulder. The shoulder complex consists of three primary joints—the sternoclavicular, acromioclavicular, and glenohumeral joints—each contributing to its extensive range of motion. The stability of the glenohumeral joint is maintained by bony congruency, ligamentous support, and the joint capsule’s vacuum-like pressure. Additionally, dynamic stabilization is provided by the rotator cuff muscles, including the subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and teres minor (SSIT). Through high-resolution ultrasound imaging, this chapter explores the echogenic characteristics of these structures and their clinical significance in diagnosing common pathologies such as rotator cuff tears, tendinopathy, bursitis, impingement syndromes, adhesive capsulitis, and glenohumeral instability. Key ultrasound techniques, probe positioning, patient positioning, and common artifacts encountered in shoulder imaging are discussed to enhance diagnostic accuracy. A structured shoulder scan protocol is presented to ensure a systematic sonographic evaluation. The anterior scan focuses on the biceps tendon and subscapularis muscle. The superior scan includes the acromioclavicular joint, supraspinatus, and suprascapular nerve, while the posterior scan evaluates the glenohumeral (GH) joint. Proper patient positioning and probe placement techniques are detailed for each scanning approach to optimize image acquisition. Additionally, the chapter provides comparative raw and highlighted ultrasound images to help practitioners distinguish normal anatomical structures from pathological findings. Furthermore, this chapter delves into common ultrasound-guided interventions, offering a step-by-step guide to performing precise and effective procedures for shoulder disorders. Each intervention is described in detail, including indications, patient positioning, probe selection, needle guidance techniques, and post-procedural considerations. To enhance understanding, this chapter is supplemented with 46 high-resolution images illustrating normal and pathological findings, probe placements, and procedural techniques. Additionally, 7 instructional videos provide dynamic demonstrations of scanning techniques, patient positioning, real-time ultrasound-guided interventions, and needle visualization methods, equipping practitioners with practical, hands-on knowledge. By integrating anatomical insights with practical sonographic applications, this chapter aims to improve diagnostic accuracy and procedural success in both evaluation and intervention for shoulder pathologies.