Rare earthRare earth (RE) elements are co-located in ore deposits and must be treated together during the difficult extraction and separation. CeriumCerium is the majority element in most deposits (>50%), and the growing need for Nd, Pr, and the heavy lanthanides in permanent magnetsPermanent magnets and other energy transition technologies results in costly stockpiling of ceriumCerium oxide which has low demand. Finding new high-value applications for ceriumCerium or its compounds is therefore a sought-after goal to improve the profitability of rare earthRare earth mining and processing. This contribution will highlight the use of ceriumCerium in high-strength aluminum alloysAluminum alloys and the preparation of Ce-based permanent magnetsPermanent magnets as two emerging technologies for high-value products that have potential to stabilize the fluctuating rare earthRare earth market, substitute critical materialsCritical materials, support the nascent domestic rare earthRare earth industryIndustry, and provide technologies for the pending green energy transition.