Dislocations of the glenohumeral joint are most frequently anterior and traumatic in nature, and occur in young males. Management should begin with a detailed history, physical examination, and careful scrutiny of orthogonal radiographs. Supplemental imaging is often indicated. Glenohumeral dislocations can result in a wide variety of soft tissue, bony, and neurovascular injuries. After an initial closed reduction, further treatment is determined by the injury pattern and patient factors. Operative management is indicated for first-time anterior dislocations in high-risk patients, recurrent instability, concomitant displaced fractures of the glenoid rim or greater tuberosity, acute rotator cuff tears, or dislocations that cannot be reduced by closed means. Posterior dislocations are often initially managed nonoperatively. There are multiple surgical options for the treatment of anterior and posterior dislocations, taking into account specific pathology and patient factors.