Chapter 8 unpacks the dialectics of selves as voicing, of subjects as listening and of humans as caring as the background (or framework) of political autonomy. In this way, the self can be shown to serve as the foundation for a radical politics of needs, the subject as a faculty of emancipatory reason, and the human as an historical animal capable of responsibility. With this altered background that transcends all autarkic, independent, and other abstract Western conceptions without refuting the radical idea(l)s of modernity, then, it will no longer be possible to understand autonomy as a domination or suppression of others or of nature. Rather, autonomy must be reconceptualised alongside ecological, social, and political—indeed, clearly trans-liberalist—lines.