Indentation testing is widely utilized to characterize one of the mechanical propertiesMechanical properties of a material, namely hardnessHardness. This method is performed on different scales of indenting force, indenter size and dimensions of the indented material. The different scales do not always yield the same hardnessHardness output or reading due to material length scales. One of the length scales in a material is related to its second phases. In this work, 3D nonlinear finite-element analysis, using a purely elastic indenter on Metal Matrix Composites (MMCsMMCs), is performed to investigate the effects of particle shape and particle orientation on the ability of the MMCsMMCs to resist localized plastic deformation. According to our simulationSimulation results, both the particle shape and the orientation of particles are shown to have a pronounced influence on the hardnessHardness readout.