We look at music from cultures outside Europe. While collecting the necessary original material we felt quite sad and sometimes even angry, because very often we were and still are too late: In many places native music had been forbidden and had disappeared. Another difficulty arises here, because many cultures have different notation systems or there exist none at all. In rare cases one finds very few transcriptions to our notation system or one can listen to luckily conserved early recordings. Before discussing music in different cultures, we report our small but effective research on lullabies collected from all over the world. In contrast to musical pieces written by certain composers, most lullabies are born and sung spontaneously and are passed on from generation to generation. We point out their interesting common features. We study music from northern people (from the Vikings, Sami, Ainu, and Inuit), Arabic music, Indian music, African music, music from East Asia, music from North American Indians, music from many countries of Central and South America and from some Pacific islands.