Digital technologies have been increasingly debated among scholars and practitioners for their ability to support the evolution of the energy sector, i.e., the so-called energy transition, thus supporting the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals. Nevertheless, there are only a few contributions that aim at shedding light on the enabling roles that can be played by specific digital technologies—such as artificial intelligence—to enable energy transition. This chapter analyzes how artificial intelligence can support the achievement of energy-related Sustainable Development Goals, by shedding light on the different roles it can play in this domain. Such roles are first identified through a literature review and are characterized by two dimensions, i.e., the applications and the domains along the energy value chain. Second, an empirical analysis targeting startups has been carried out to preliminary corroborate findings coming from the literature review.