The inert anodeInert anode material is one of the core components of the inert anode aluminumAluminum electrolysis technology, on which researchers have conducted extensive research in recent years. The latest research progress ofMetallic anode metallic anodesAnode, NiFe2O4 based cermet anodesCermet anode, and aluminum electrolysisAluminum electrolysis tests with inert anodes were reviewed in this article. The optimization methods and research status of NiFe2O4 based cermet materials were discussed from three aspects: sintering and preparation process, ceramic phase optimization, and metal phase optimization. The mechanism of conductivity and corrosion was also elucidated. Finally, general conclusions that could be clarified from the current investigations were summarized, and the future development of inert anodeInert anode materials and aluminum electrolysisAluminum electrolysis with inert anodesAnode was addressed. Cermet anode materials and aluminum electrolysis using cermet anodesCermet anode and vertical electrode structures would still be an important direction for future research and development.