This chapter presents study of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanomaterials, highlighting their various properties, and synthesis strategies. It has been described how TiO₂’s intrinsic restrictions, especially its broad bandgap, limit its photocatalytic activity to ultraviolet light. The chapter discusses several modification techniques that are intended to improve the performance of TiO2 based nanomaterials in visible and solar light. Furthermore, it outlines the broad spectrum of applications for TiO₂, including its roles in renewable energy, environmental remediation, and biomedical fields. The chapter concludes by underscoring the significance of ongoing research to overcome the challenges associated with TiO₂ and to harness its full potential in addressing global energy and environmental issues.