Logical empiricism can be characterized by a double message. All contexts in science and life have a noncognitive side, which is not a matter of right or wrong, but of attitude and value-driven decision making. And the task of science and philosophy is to provide strategies for minimizing the noncognitive input and maximizing the aspects based on rationality, facts, and logic. This logical empiricist stance, in turn, is not only based on a life-reformist attitude and a “scientific humanism”. It has very timely implications for a worldview that wants to be based on both democracy and science. This very broad picture of logical empiricism and its political agenda is drawn here against the background of an overview of its historical development.