Solar system for harvesting water from moisture in the atmospheric air, referred to as a solar still unit. The solar still unit is a simple but cost-effective method that works as an absorption-based Atmospheric Water Absorber (AWA) system, taking advantage of the decent climatic conditions in areas with high temperatures and humidity. The study followed an experimental approach, denoting a cost-effective method for harvesting water from humid air using solar energy and an absorption process. The design of the experiment integrates absorption at night and evaporation–condensation during the day, using lithium bromide (Li-Br) as the absorbent because of its favorable properties. The device used in the experiment features an evaporation basin, glass cover, circulating pump, and absorbent solution. Different instruments were used to record measurements of ambient temperature, Li-Br solution temperature, and humidity. The performance of the device at different climatic conditions was assessed using energy balance equations focusing specifically on the rates of absorption and desorption. The operational procedures of the device involved absorbent circulation and strategic placement of the glass cover to optimize the condensation of water vapor. Overall, the design of the experiment presents a simple but low-cost method to water production from the atmosphere, with possible environmental and health benefits. The experiments were conducted from 20/0/2022 to 20/7/2022. Relative humidity reached 69%, with the wind speed being recorded as 5.5 m/s and ambient temperature as 38°C. The absorbent mass flux was fixed at 3 kg/hr m2. Water production increased until midday, influenced by the effect of solar radiation on the basin glass cover. There was also an increase in water production with rising temperature because of enhanced water vapor evaporation. Li-Br concentration had an effect on water production, peaking at 40%. The absorbent mass flux had an impact on the rate of water production, with the maximum yield being recorded as 3 kg/hr m2. The device yielded 1.5–2 L of water daily, highlighting its potential for water harvesting under different climatic conditions. The study findings are particularly relevant to Kuwait, a country that features unique climatic conditions. Traditional sources of water can be scarce in the country, and the process of harvesting fresh water from the atmosphere can be a viable solution. The device proposed could be effective in Kuwait, a country with high temperature and humidity.

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Solar-Based Atmospheric Water Absorber: Design and Performance Analysis

  • Anwur Alenezi,
  • Abouelyazed Kuliab,
  • Yousef Alabaiadly

摘要

Solar system for harvesting water from moisture in the atmospheric air, referred to as a solar still unit. The solar still unit is a simple but cost-effective method that works as an absorption-based Atmospheric Water Absorber (AWA) system, taking advantage of the decent climatic conditions in areas with high temperatures and humidity. The study followed an experimental approach, denoting a cost-effective method for harvesting water from humid air using solar energy and an absorption process. The design of the experiment integrates absorption at night and evaporation–condensation during the day, using lithium bromide (Li-Br) as the absorbent because of its favorable properties. The device used in the experiment features an evaporation basin, glass cover, circulating pump, and absorbent solution. Different instruments were used to record measurements of ambient temperature, Li-Br solution temperature, and humidity. The performance of the device at different climatic conditions was assessed using energy balance equations focusing specifically on the rates of absorption and desorption. The operational procedures of the device involved absorbent circulation and strategic placement of the glass cover to optimize the condensation of water vapor. Overall, the design of the experiment presents a simple but low-cost method to water production from the atmosphere, with possible environmental and health benefits. The experiments were conducted from 20/0/2022 to 20/7/2022. Relative humidity reached 69%, with the wind speed being recorded as 5.5 m/s and ambient temperature as 38°C. The absorbent mass flux was fixed at 3 kg/hr m2. Water production increased until midday, influenced by the effect of solar radiation on the basin glass cover. There was also an increase in water production with rising temperature because of enhanced water vapor evaporation. Li-Br concentration had an effect on water production, peaking at 40%. The absorbent mass flux had an impact on the rate of water production, with the maximum yield being recorded as 3 kg/hr m2. The device yielded 1.5–2 L of water daily, highlighting its potential for water harvesting under different climatic conditions. The study findings are particularly relevant to Kuwait, a country that features unique climatic conditions. Traditional sources of water can be scarce in the country, and the process of harvesting fresh water from the atmosphere can be a viable solution. The device proposed could be effective in Kuwait, a country with high temperature and humidity.