The resilience to drought and climate change -in 1251 Hydrogeological Enclosures (HES)- is analyzed in this paper, as well as the suitability that these can present in the face of a possible artificial recharge that mitigates the effect of an unfavorable situation, such as a prolonged drought or the climate change. A Hydrogeological Enclosure (HES) is the basic unit of work that has been used by the Spanish hydraulic administration to evaluate and quantify groundwater resources in the Kingdom of Spain. It has been defined as each of the different hydrogeological sectors that within the same body of groundwater (GB) drain into different bodies of surface water (SB). The methodology that has been used in this paper makes use of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI); since this index is a direct indicator of water scarcity due to drought, as well as of the daily climatic series of precipitation provided by the State Meteorological Agency of the Government of Spain (AEMET), and of the Post-process carried out by the same Organization of the European project ENSEMBLES. This project systematically and comprehensively integrates several climate prediction models (21) that provide more concrete and accurate climate change projections on a temporal and geographical scale. As for the calculation of the SPI index for a given period and in a particular locality, that has a rainfall record for a sufficiently long period of time, it is determined by adjusting that record to a theoretical probability distribution, which is then transformed into a normal distribution so that the average SPI is zero. For the evaluation of the suitability of proposing or carrying out artificial recharge of aquifers, the depletion coefficient, and the semi-emptying time of the Hydrogeological Enclosures (HES) have been used, since the faster the discharge of an aquifer, the worse the behavior they present against an artificial recharge operation. The depletion coefficient and the semi-emptying time have been obtained, whenever possible, from data of hydrographs, obtained by foronomic control, to which the Maillet function has been adjusted. Where it is possible to proceed in this way, Rorabaugh's expression or bibliographical data have been used. The results obtained are very encouraging, since 45% of the Hydrogeological Enclosures (HES) have a favorable aptitude a in the face to the realization or proposal of artificial recharge of aquifers. Large detrital depressions are the aquifers that offer the best prospects of artificial recharge, while the worst are provided by small karst aquifers. The effect of climate change will increase the need to propose the realization of more artificial recharge in large areas of the Spanish territory, where currently the simulations carried out do not detect deficit. The methodology designed and used can be described as easy to apply and quick to execute and interpret.