Introduction: This article addresses the increasing integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in the fields of neurocommunication and media literacy. Based on the increasing permeability of ICT and AI in all sectors of activity and levels of society, it seeks to understand how AI is changing the ways of communication and information processing. Objective: The main objective is to develop a detailed analysis of the implication of AI in neurocommunication and media literacy, identifying current applications and evaluating its effects and potential to transform these areas. Materials and methods: The methodology used consists of a systematic literature review, selecting relevant studies from academic databases such as PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and Google Scholar. The articles, published between 2019 and 2024, were analyzed to identify trends, challenges, and opportunities in the integration of AI in neurocommunication studies and media literacy practices. Results: The results suggest that AI can be successfully integrated in several sectors. In healthcare, improving medical diagnoses; in commerce, personalizing the shopping experience; and in education, adapting learning to the individual needs of students. In addition, fields such as neuromarketing stand out, where AI optimizes understanding and engagement in communication. Conclusions: AI is redefining the boundaries of neurocommunication and media literacy, improving human–machine interaction and enabling more intuitive interfaces. Advances in AI offer new insights into understanding the brain’s communication processes and have significant potential for medical rehabilitation, enhanced learning, and social interaction. Collaboration between AI and neurocommunication promises not only a greater understanding of the human mind but also the development of technologies that are more adaptive and empathetic to the complexities of human behavior.