Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease marked by memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. Traditional therapeuticTherapeutics approaches have had limited success, leading to the exploration of innovative treatment modalities. Nanoparticle-mediated therapy has emerged as a promising frontier in AD treatment, utilizing the unique properties of nanoparticlesNanoparticles (NPs) to tackle the disease’s complex challenges. This chapter offers a comprehensive examination of the application of nanoparticles in combating AD. It begins with an overview of the pathophysiology of AD, highlighting the roles of amyloid beta (Aβ)Amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles. The chapter then explores various types of nanoparticles, such as liposomes, dendrimers, and gold nanoparticlesGold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and their potential mechanisms of action in AD treatment. It delves into the design principles of nanoparticles, including their size, surface modification, and targeting capabilities, which allow them to cross the blood-brain barrierBlood-brain barrier (BBB) and interact with specific biomarkersBiomarkers associated with AD. Additionally, the chapter reviews how nanoparticles are employed in imagingImaging and diagnostic techniques to enhance early detection and monitoring of AD, with advancements in magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography through nanoparticle-based contrast agents. Therapeutically, it discusses how nanoparticles can deliver drugs, genes, or other agents directly to affected brainBrain regions, focusing on strategies for reducing Aβ levels, modulating tau phosphorylation, and protecting neuronsNeurons from oxidative stress. Despite their potential, nanoparticle-mediated therapies face challenges such as biocompatibilityBiocompatibility, toxicityToxicity, and regulatory hurdles. The chapter addresses these issues and suggests future research directions to improve the efficacy and safetySafety of nanoparticle-based treatments. By integrating insights from recent research and clinical trials, this chapter aims to provide a thorough understanding of how nanoparticle technologies are poised to revolutionize AD treatment, offering new hope for effective interventions.