The final chapter summarizes the key findings and contributions of this dissertation. The work presented offers significant advancements in the understanding of plasmonic instabilities and electrohydrodynamics in bidimensional materials, particularly graphene. Key contributions include the development of new theoretical models that describe the interaction between charge carriers and plasmons in 2D materials, the creation of the TETHYS simulation tool for exploring hydrodynamic phenomena in graphene, and the identification of new instability processes that have potential applications in THz radiation generation. The chapter also highlights the importance of nonlinear and topological effects in shaping the behaviour of 2D electronic systems. Future research directions are proposed, including the exploration of new materials and device architectures that leverage the principles established in this work. Overall, this dissertation provides a comprehensive framework for understanding the dynamic behaviour of 2D materials and opens new pathways for their application in advanced electronic and photonic technologies.