This chapter will explore circular relations between language and work in four professions and two different countries. On the one hand, engineers working in two Moroccan IT companies and French diplomats, on the other hand, workers in two Moroccan quarries and those in a mechanical industry in Eastern France. Workers use, to varying degrees, a localised language, anchored in locally forged and valued norms and values, while diplomats and engineers use a standardised and internationally codified language. By analysing this duality of language, we explore several issues such as the relationship to work, to hierarchy and colleagues, to the body and health. Workers express themselves through a more holistic language, linked to the rules of the trade, a culture, specific social norms marked by paternalism, and the work collective, while the proximity with the bosses remains a necessary resource. Engineers and diplomats tend to adopt an abstract, codified language, detached from local circumstances. This is a configuration of individuals, more atomised, who must adapt to an international framework. Concerning mental health, the discourse of the workers is based more on fatigue and physical hardship, whereas the executives are closer to a more standardised and individualised discourse on “stress.”

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How Work Shapes Language and Language Shapes Work: Comparison Between Four Professions in Morocco and France

  • Marc Loriol,
  • Hajar Jerdioui

摘要

This chapter will explore circular relations between language and work in four professions and two different countries. On the one hand, engineers working in two Moroccan IT companies and French diplomats, on the other hand, workers in two Moroccan quarries and those in a mechanical industry in Eastern France. Workers use, to varying degrees, a localised language, anchored in locally forged and valued norms and values, while diplomats and engineers use a standardised and internationally codified language. By analysing this duality of language, we explore several issues such as the relationship to work, to hierarchy and colleagues, to the body and health. Workers express themselves through a more holistic language, linked to the rules of the trade, a culture, specific social norms marked by paternalism, and the work collective, while the proximity with the bosses remains a necessary resource. Engineers and diplomats tend to adopt an abstract, codified language, detached from local circumstances. This is a configuration of individuals, more atomised, who must adapt to an international framework. Concerning mental health, the discourse of the workers is based more on fatigue and physical hardship, whereas the executives are closer to a more standardised and individualised discourse on “stress.”