Since the first successful kidney transplant in 1954, there have been significant advances across the field of transplantation that have drastically altered the landscape of patient care and outcomes. These have included the advent of immunosuppression, organ preservation systems, and minimally invasive surgical techniques, all of which have also improved access to allografts. (refs). Currently, kidney transplantation is the gold-standard treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease (ESRD). ESRD is defined as poor kidney function with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) less than 15 mL/min. This can be the result of a variety of causes including diabetes, outflow obstructions, and hypertension. While dialysis can help manage chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ESRD, it can only do part of a kidney’s job while causing health problems and lowering quality of life. In comparison, a kidney transplant significantly improves quality of life, survival, and decreases healthcare costs [1–3].