Critical care has faced exponential development in recent years. During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare professionals and medical institutions were forced to improve their skills in the management of more complex and challenging clinical situations. Scientific advances and studies in critical care have been numerous and expressive in a short period. This chapter intends to guide and systematize the daily routine of non-intensivists who have to deal with critically ill patients. The attempt to synthesize the general care of these patients is of great challenge, considering the complexity inherent to such circumstances. Thus, the objective is not to detail the peculiarities of specific clinical scenarios, but to highlight relevant aspects to the approach of the critically ill, which can be present in any medical specialty.