Scholarlink

Vertical integrationvertical integration is the degree to which a company owns its upstream suppliers and downstream buyers. There are three theoretical options: (1) transaction cost economics, (2) the capabilitiescapabilities approach, and (3) the real optionsreal options approach.

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Vertical Integration

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

查看全文
  • James O. Fiet

摘要

Vertical integrationvertical integration is the degree to which a company owns its upstream suppliers and downstream buyers. There are three theoretical options: (1) transaction cost economics, (2) the capabilitiescapabilities approach, and (3) the real optionsreal options approach.