The application of the developments in genomics can raise many issues regarding ethics and the law. These include applications in health, including oncology, cardiology, infectious diseases, prenatal screening and diagnosis and genomics in primary care. There are efforts in pharmacogenomics and precision medicine to improve health care. The advances in research reveal scientific challenges, such as incidental findings that can lead to difficulty in genetic counselling. There is an expansion in the capacity of genetic modification. The availability of commercial companies offering analysis of DNA also raises significant issues. We need to consider issues around the use of patient data, such as informed consent, patient confidentiality, and commercialisation.Many of the resulting concerns that result from these developments must be addressed world wide.