Geological and Microstructural Controls on a Landslide in Ghat Region Along NH-09, Kumaun Himalaya
摘要
Landslides are one of the most common and hazardous geological events in hilly terrains around the world. The interplay of geological and structural factors significantly influence slope stability. The geological features, such as faults, joints, bedding planes and microstructures, along with geotechnical properties of the rock mass play a crucial role in determining the propensity of slope failure. This study analyzed geotechnical, microstructural and geological controls on a slope in the Ghat region along NH-09, Pithoragarh, Kumaun Himalaya. By integrating field observations, microstructural analysis, and numerical modelling in FEM, this study aims to elucidate the specific factors contributing to slope failure. Field observations and kinematic analysis identified wedge failure caused by the intersection of joint and bedding plane. The mesostructures and microstructures were correlated with the help of rose diagram and kinematic analysis. A strong correlation emerged between the microstructures and the mesostructures, which impacts the slope from a small scale to a large scale. The stability of the slope was evaluated through Finite Element Method (FEM), which revealed that the slope is stable when unsaturated condition is considered, but the slope becomes unstable in dynamic and saturated condition with SRF < 1.