‘It’s Not a Star Wars Reference’: Searching for Shakespearean Authenticity and Adaptation in the Marvel Cinematic Universe
摘要
The relationship between Shakespeare and the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) began in the early days of the now ubiquitous franchise. By hiring Kenneth Branagh to direct Thor (2011) and introduce its eponymous hero, the studio’s president Kevin Feige ensured that Shakespearean threads would be woven into the tapestry of his ever-expanding universe from that point. This is arguably evidenced by Thor becoming the only original Avenger to make it to a fourth film in Thor: Love and Thunder (2022). However, the satirical direction of this film and its predecessor, Thor: Ragnarok (2017), under the stewardship of Taika Waititi, might suggest that Marvel has instead moved further from Branagh’s Shakespearean template in recent years. This chapter combines research findings with my recent pedagogy, which teaches Shakespeare via the medium of Marvel. My work asks the fundamental questions of how Shakespeare’s presence in the MCU authenticates its status as “highbrow” culture and whether drawing comparison between playwright and franchise helps to lend Shakespeare relatability and credibility. Does this render Shakespeare “lowbrow” or in the era of metamodernism, in which culture readily oscillates between sincerity and irony, is the binary of “highbrow/lowbrow” dated and ripe for reappraisal? This chapter explores the individual and collective purpose of such citations and uses the MCU as a case study for how Shakespeare’s plays can be authenticated by modern popular culture.