With a focus on studio-based education in architectural design and engineering, this chapter explores how project-based learning can deliver transdisciplinary competencies. Using case studies of design studios from accredited degree programs in Architecture from US universities, the authors outline the key principles of the pedagogical scaffolding that takes student learning through a design process from problem definition, through research and assessment of contextual issues, ideation, prototyping, and studio-based critique, as well as anticipation of real-world delivery of solutions to the initial challenge. This chapter presents long standing and tested principles framing how the architectural design studio serves as both site and proxy for situated learning. The professional education in architecture founded in essential STEM principles is however constantly adapting as it reinvents its relation to engineering and professional practice that shape what we design and for whom.