This chapter comprehensively surveys recent advances in processing technologies, property enhancements, and potential applications across diverse industries. Melt mixing, solution blending, and in situ polymerization methods have been developed to integrate chitin, enabling significant improvements in tensile strength, flex fatigue, permeation barriers, and abrasion resistance compared to unfilled rubbers. Processing-structure–property relationships have been elucidated, providing guidance for optimized composite fabrication tailored to specific product requirements. Recent accomplishments also motivate ongoing efforts to surmount remaining challenges in scale-up, modeling, prototyping, supply chain development, and end-of-life considerations to accelerate commercial adoption. This chapter summarizes the multifaceted potential of chitin-reinforced rubbery micro composites to transform elastomer technologies across diverse sectors onto a more sustainable yet high-performing materials foundation.