During fetal development, the vasculature in the abdomen starts as a dual blood supply with two aortas, one ventral and one dorsal arterial system. The vitelline arteries are a group of embryonic vessels that link the dorsal aorta to the vitelline veins within the yolk sac (Lin and Chaikof 2000). The visceral arterial vasculature develops from these primitive ventral segmental arteries, most of which regress during fetal development and are not present at birth. However, the remaining ones form a median vessel that gives rise to the three major mesenteric arteries: the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA). The 13th segmental artery develops into the SMA (Lin and Chaikof 2000). During embryogenesis, the midgut loops 270 degrees in total around the SMA, which acts as a central axis securing the final anatomical location of the GI system (Danowitz and Solounias 2016).

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Superior Mesenteric Artery

  • Lindsey Peterson,
  • Thomas Bernik

摘要

During fetal development, the vasculature in the abdomen starts as a dual blood supply with two aortas, one ventral and one dorsal arterial system. The vitelline arteries are a group of embryonic vessels that link the dorsal aorta to the vitelline veins within the yolk sac (Lin and Chaikof 2000). The visceral arterial vasculature develops from these primitive ventral segmental arteries, most of which regress during fetal development and are not present at birth. However, the remaining ones form a median vessel that gives rise to the three major mesenteric arteries: the celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA). The 13th segmental artery develops into the SMA (Lin and Chaikof 2000). During embryogenesis, the midgut loops 270 degrees in total around the SMA, which acts as a central axis securing the final anatomical location of the GI system (Danowitz and Solounias 2016).