Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. This disease constitutes the most common sexually transmitted infection globally, with an estimated 174 million new cases reported annually. In females, the pathogen can manifest with symptoms, including colpitis and the production of a malodorous vaginal discharge. Conversely, males frequently remain asymptomatic. Symptoms typically develop between 5 and 28 days post-infection, although asymptomatic cases may also occur. In pregnant women, T. vaginalis infection can lead to premature birth, premature rupture of membranes, and low birth weight. Diagnosis is generally achieved through microscopic examination. Treatment with metronidazole has proven effective, and the use of condoms can serve as an important preventive measure. Coinfection with HIV increases the transmission risk for both diseases.