Understanding the Influence of Extremely High-Degree Nodes on Graph Anomaly Detection
摘要
Graph Anomaly Detection (GAD) has attracted considerable attention for its potential in detecting anomalies. However, an overlooked issue in prior research is the presence of extremely high-degree node, which can introduce noise into GAD, escalate computational costs, and intensify the problem of over-smoothing. To tackle this issue, this paper first presents a novel graph anomaly dataset, NFTGraph, characterized by a notable presence of extremely high-degree nodes. A series of experiments on this dataset sheds light on the influence of such nodes on GAD. Moreover, we introduce a novel model, the Super Node-Aware Graph Neural Network (SNGNN), designed to mitigate the noise emanating from extremely high-degree nodes. Experimental results demonstrate that SNGNN outperforms extant models, achieving an average improvement of over 2% in the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUROC), and effectively reducing noise.