This chapter introduces artificial intelligence (AI). The approach used in this chapter is descriptive; we will not go over mathematical definitions and demonstrations. This chapter is designed for experts in the social and political sciences without a strong foundation in science and technology. Artificial intelligence (AI) is the capacity of computer-based systems to mimic or enhance human intellect, including experience-based learning and reasoning. AI solves practical problems in daily life by utilizing probability theory, economics, and algorithm design methodologies. AI also draws on other disciplines, including psychology, linguistics, computer science, and mathematics. Mathematics offers methods for describing and resolving the ensuing optimization problems, while computer science facilitates the design and construction of algorithms. Examples of the use of AI in different areas are presented to reinforce the understanding of this new and promising field. Then, there are four main types of AI, defined by Arend Hintze, researcher, and professor of integrative biology at Michigan State University. They are as follows: