Ecosystems play a pivotal role in fostering climate resilience by regulating natural processes, mitigating climate-related risks, and enhancing the adaptive capacities of both human and ecological communities. This chapter explores the various ecosystem services that directly and indirectly support climate adaptation and mitigation efforts. By providing a comprehensive review of ecosystem-based approaches, the chapter delves into the mechanisms through which ecosystems, such as forests, wetlands, and coastal systems, buffer against extreme weather events, regulate carbon cycles, and sustain biodiversity, all of which are essential for long-term resilience. The chapter further introduces methodologies for quantifying the ecological, social, and economic impacts of ecosystem services in building resilience. It draws on case studies from around the globe to demonstrate how integrating ecosystem-based solutions into climate resilience strategies not only enhances environmental sustainability but also supports socio-economic development. The concluding sections discuss the challenges in quantifying these contributions, the tools available for assessment, and the need for more robust frameworks to measure and maximize ecosystem resilience in the face of climate change.