Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a respiratory virus belonging to the paramyxoviridae family and causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections in people of all ages and particularly affects children under age 5. This negative sense single-stranded RNA virus is present in the pneumovirinae subfamily and was first identified in children with bronchiolitis in 2001 in the Netherlands using RNA Arbitrarily Primed-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RAP-PCR) technique. Human metapneumovirus infection emergence is high during winter, and it is contagious by droplet infection. hMPV infection leads to acute respiratory tract infection in children under age 5 and older adults with weakened immune systems. Human metapneumovirus infection also increases viral exacerbations in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and leads to hospitalization. People with hMPV infection additionally develop bronchiolitis and pneumonia with long-term wheezing. Human metapneumovirus genome of ±13,300 nucleotides is comprised of eight genes encoding nine proteins and ranging from 150 to 600 nm in length. The putative roles of these nine proteins lead to life-threatening hMPV infections in children, elderly, and immunocompromised people. The importance of vaccine improvements including the need for more effective vaccines is discussed in this review. Developing vaccines for this respiratory pathogen improves technology to prevent infection by hMPV. Details of various bioinformatics tools are discussed as well.