The Internet of Things (IoT) plays a crucial role in applications for the emerging Industry 5.0 and Society 5.0. However, due to the complex nature of IoT systems, it is essential to have well-defined conceptual models for effective understanding. A good way to enhance this understanding is by incorporating categorization into the conceptual models, which can be achieved through the use of categorization patterns. This paper evaluates how different categorization patterns have an impact on the quality of IoT systems. Specifically, two categorization patterns (Inheritance and Type pattern) and a base model are used to create conceptual models in an IoT setting and are evaluated by the Quality Model for Object-Oriented Design (QMOOD) metric. We examine the impact of these patterns on different design properties and quality attributes, such as reusability, flexibility, understandability, functionality, extendibility, and effectiveness. Additionally, we use the MERODE framework, which allows us to automatically transform the models into code, enabling a more comprehensive evaluation of the patterns’ impact through the generated code. To evaluate the patterns we use two IoT use cases: 1) employees’ well-being in a smart factory (Industry 5.0), and 2) the daily behavior of solo residents in a smart home (Society 5.0). The results indicate that the Inheritance model exhibits the highest reusability and functionality in comparison to the other models, making it well-suited for complex projects with significant reuse requirements. This evaluation provides valuable and extensive insights for developers, helping them in understanding the impact of different categorization patterns in the final system.