In the context of Industry 4.0, marked by significant technological advancements, there is a profound transformation in the landscape of work. At the core of this evolution lies the critical role of competencies, particularly in the domain of maintenance, which emerges as a vital component in navigating the transition to more autonomous and technologically advanced work environments. This work explores the intricate relationship between maintenance and competencies within Industry 4.0, underscoring their essential role in shaping the workforce and operational methodologies. Building upon an ontology developed for work in the 4.0 era, a literature review was conducted and crafted a competency management framework tailored for maintenance to further advance this approach, resulting in an ontology with a maintenance focus. To establish this ontology’s connection to maintenance and competencies, The PROMETHEE II method, a multicriteria decision support tool, was applied to analyze the interaction between maintenance pillars, maintenance indicators, and ontology competency concepts. Through dialogues with maintenance experts, we devised two matrices that scrutinize maintenance pillars and critical indicators concerning competencies. The findings underscore the importance of continuously exploring how critical maintenance indicators impact competencies, thus contributing to the discourse on enhancing employability and competence in Industry 4.0.