For Agriculture is an industry that is essential to the survival of the human race. Several measures have been put in place to raise crop yields. However, unfavorable environmental circumstances and recurrent insect infestation cause agricultural loss. In scenarios like this, smart sensors play a critical role in effective farming practices that use digital technology to monitor, visualize, and generate digital data, manage the application of resources, and improve the output and caliber of agricultural products. With automation and digital tools for Internet of Things (IoT)-based operation management, novel sensors enhance the value of soil-less farming. Smart sensors combined with data-driven technologies can solve a lot of agricultural practice problems and potentially create new efficiencies. Transforming data into knowledge and making sure that it is kept in a way that makes it logical for others to access it both now and in the future are equally essential. The fundamentals of smart sensors and the most useful sensors for tracking the physicochemical properties of soil and plants in field cultivation processes, greenhouse operations, and indoor hydroponics are covered. Precision agriculture, automation of agricultural machinery, imagery from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), Precision Livestock Farming (PLF), and the use of Internet of Things (IoTs) can all benefit farming communities by enabling more efficient use of resources based on real-time farm data. Smart sensors support growers’ productivity quests, the food value chain as a whole, and the potential for new business models. This chapter provides a thorough overview of the most recent developments in smart sensor technology, wireless sensor network topologies, and crop production, global food security initiatives, and sustainable farming methods.