Cyber Physical System is one of the most promising innovations in the IT domain and stands out among technologies. High-intelligence, networked systems known as cyber physical systems (CPS) integrate computational and physical components to accomplish a specific task. Over the past few years, they have grown swiftly and are now playing a bigger role in fields including manufacturing, transportation, healthcare, and smart cities. Some of the most recent advancements in cyber-physical systems include autonomous systems, edge computing, artificial intelligence, data trustworthiness, digital twins, privacy, and security. Overall, CPS development aims to produce more intelligent, effective, and dependable systems that can enhance our lives in a variety of ways. Although cyber-physical systems (CPS) have demonstrated considerable promise in a number of fields, there are still a number of obstacles that need to be resolved, including data reliability, privacy, security, interoperability, reliability, scalability, standards, and ethical concerns. In this paper we have studies an introduction and history of cyber physical systems, its wide range of applications, characteristics, design and challenges. The main purpose of this study is to explore the key challenge of cyber physical system which is data trustworthiness solution of which may lead to solve the problem of congestion and memory issues.