The achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is in peril and alarms about the poor progress on most of the SDGs at the midpoint of the 2030 Agenda (UN General Assembly, Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 29 September 2023, 2023). The SDGs require a new philosophy and holistic approach that is largely lacking (Robinson, SDG Action, 2023, 9–12, 2023). Based on these two premises, Spain’s progress towards the SDGs of the 2030 Agenda is analysed, as well as the European context. This analysis suggests the need to conceive of a different way of understanding solidarity, in order to be able to deal with the many existing trade-offs. The relationship between entrepreneurship, sustainability and social responsibility brings new approaches based on social entrepreneurship, purposeful businesses and ESG (‘environmental, social and governance’) criteria. Finally, the immense role that cities are called to play in the future of global sustainability is the basis of a specific analysis of SDG-11 (sustainable cities), providing new visions from the perspective of spatial sustainability, a fourth pillar of sustainability, and spatial justice, which guarantees a balanced continuum inclusion-exclusion against segregation, gentrification and its different forms.