With the rapid development of information technology, the value generated by data elements is gradually causing the change of public ideology and the deep adjustment of social structure, which is widely concerned by major countries and regions in the world. At the same time, data security has become an important issue that cannot be ignored in modern society. In this digital age, various forms of data are created, transmitted and stored at an alarming rate, so it is particularly important to protect the security of these data. As an effective means, the standardization of data security has become one of the cornerstones to ensure data security. This paper aims to discuss the current situation and trend of data security standardization. Firstly, we reviewed the background and development of data security and its standardization. Secondly, we sorted out the related technologies of data security, and then we introduced the data security standard system currently being applied in China and analyzed existing data security standardization organizations and published standards. In addition, we listed some key research directions for data security standards in the fields of blockchain, metaverse, artificial intelligence, internet of vehicles, etc. Finally, we discussed the future development trend of data security standardization and put forward some suggestions to further improve the data security standardization system.