Acute otitis media (AOM) is an inflammation of the middle ear, most commonly seen between the ages of 6 months and 2 years, and its incidence decreases after the age of 5. This condition is typically caused by bacterial or viral infections. Depending on the age-group, symptoms can include ear discomfort (manifested as tugging, rubbing, or holding of the ear), fever, hearing loss, excessive crying, and changes in sleep or behavior patterns, as observed by parents. These symptoms can often be non-specific. Factors that increase the risk of AOM include upper respiratory infections, exposure to second-hand smoke, attending day-care, and allergies. Diagnosis is made based on the presence of acute symptoms and findings from a physical examination, which may show redness, reduced mobility, bulging of the tympanic membrane (TM), and fluid in the middle ear. Pneumatic otoscopy and tympanometry are useful tests to confirm the diagnosis. Potential complications of AOM include TM perforation, mastoiditis, labyrinthitis, facial nerve paralysis, meningitis, among others. The treatment approach for AOM includes managing pain and administering antibiotics, and in some cases, a watchful waiting strategy may be adopted depending on the severity of the infection. Amoxicillin is the first-choice antibiotic for uncomplicated AOM, with alternative antibiotics being considered in cases of treatment failure or allergies.