This study aimed to investigate the perception of older adults regarding participation in a multicomponent physical activity program for mental health. It was an intervention study with a qualitative approach, conducted from October to December 2022. The target population consisted of individuals aged ≥ 60 years who were not involved in physical exercise programs and were physically independent, registered in the Family Health Strategy, randomly selected in the municipality of Jequié (Brazil). The sample comprised 14 older adults, divided into groups: G1: multicomponent exercise program and G2: behavior change. Recruitment was carried out through invitations and informational materials left in health centers. The focus group technique was used, along with a question guide and content analysis following Bardin’s method. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. The mean age of the participants was 72.50 (±7.33) years, with the majority being women (64.3%), aged 60–79 years (85.7%), and literate (64.3%). Participants highlighted that physical exercise not only benefits functional capacity, but also mental health, resulting in a sense of well-being and self-esteem. Therefore, the implementation of low-cost, short-term physical activity programs may serve as an effective non-pharmacological treatment in promoting mental health among the older people.