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Both clomiphene citrate (CC) and letrozole are oral agents developed for ovulation induction, predominantly in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Both agents have also been examined as possible adjunctive treatments for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in IVF. The use of CC has been mainly for mild IVF stimulation or to attempt to enhance results of ovarian stimulation in poor responders. A potential negative effect on endometrial growth has limited the widespread use of CC in this regard. In contrast, letrozole has no adverse effects on the endometrium and has been widely used in the past few years as an adjuvant to COH in IVF cycles. Several potential benefits of letrozole use in IVF will be discussed in this chapter.

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The Development and Current Role of Oral Fertility Medications Such as Clomiphene Citrate and Aromatase Inhibitors in IVF

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Mohamed Mitwally,
  • Robert F. Casper

摘要

Both clomiphene citrate (CC) and letrozole are oral agents developed for ovulation induction, predominantly in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome. Both agents have also been examined as possible adjunctive treatments for controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) in IVF. The use of CC has been mainly for mild IVF stimulation or to attempt to enhance results of ovarian stimulation in poor responders. A potential negative effect on endometrial growth has limited the widespread use of CC in this regard. In contrast, letrozole has no adverse effects on the endometrium and has been widely used in the past few years as an adjuvant to COH in IVF cycles. Several potential benefits of letrozole use in IVF will be discussed in this chapter.