The analysis centers on deploying a lunar lander designed to achieve a safe and seamless touchdown. The mission involves several key phases: de-boosting from lunar orbit, rough braking with an 800 N main engine, precision braking, and vertical descent with 50 N altitude control thrusters. These engines are used to gradually decelerate the lander and ensure a controlled landing. A crucial aspect of the mission is selecting materials that can withstand the harsh conditions of lunar descent. The focus is on understanding how different materials affect the lander’s thermal performance and structural integrity. During descent, thruster plumes interact with the lander, influencing convective heat transfer and overall thermal dynamics. Advanced numerical simulations and rigorous material testing are used to evaluate how various materials impact the thermal protection system and structural resilience of the lander. These simulations predict heat distribution and material response under descent conditions, while testing validates these predictions by subjecting materials to simulated lunar environments. Optimizing material selection involves finding a balance between thermal insulation and mechanical strength to withstand both heat and impact forces. Design adjustments, such as incorporating effective heat shields or improved cooling systems, are made based on simulation and testing results. This research aims to enhance the lander’s durability and mission success by providing crucial insights into material performance and spacecraft design for future lunar exploration endeavors.