This study focuses on the development of a computational framework for simulating ice accretion on three-dimensional (3D) bodies, using the open-source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software OpenFOAM. The research addresses the complex phenomena of ice formation and accumulation on 3D geometries, which are more challenging to model than traditional two-dimensional (2D) airfoils due to the additional interactions involved in three-dimensional flows, as well as the requirement for more detailed mesh and extended simulation times. The framework incorporates an Eulerian-based droplet impingement code to calculate the collection efficiency of water droplets in airflows around 3D models and uses the finite-volume method (FVM) to solve compressible Navier–Stokes equations alongside shallow water-based droplet equations. A partial differential equation (PDE)-based ice accretion solver predicts ice formation on initially clean geometries. Validation of the framework occurs in three stages: air solver, droplet solver, and ice solver, using experimental data from Bidwell et al. The air solver validation includes comparisons of pressure distribution and heat transfer coefficients around a sphere, showing strong agreement with experimental data. The droplet solver validation matches predicted collection efficiency with experimental results, demonstrating accurate droplet behavior modeling. The ice solver validation compares predicted ice accretion patterns with experimental observations, confirming the solver’s ability to replicate real-world ice formation. The detailed mesh structure, with fine grids near walls and high-resolution surface meshes, ensures accurate simulation of aerodynamic and thermal phenomena. This work significantly advances the understanding and prediction of ice accretion phenomena, essential for enhancing aircraft safety and performance in icing conditions.

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Development of a Three-Dimensional Computational Framework for Ice Accretion Prediction Using OpenFOAM

  • Ankush,
  • Bidesh Sengupta,
  • L. Prince Raj

摘要

This study focuses on the development of a computational framework for simulating ice accretion on three-dimensional (3D) bodies, using the open-source Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software OpenFOAM. The research addresses the complex phenomena of ice formation and accumulation on 3D geometries, which are more challenging to model than traditional two-dimensional (2D) airfoils due to the additional interactions involved in three-dimensional flows, as well as the requirement for more detailed mesh and extended simulation times. The framework incorporates an Eulerian-based droplet impingement code to calculate the collection efficiency of water droplets in airflows around 3D models and uses the finite-volume method (FVM) to solve compressible Navier–Stokes equations alongside shallow water-based droplet equations. A partial differential equation (PDE)-based ice accretion solver predicts ice formation on initially clean geometries. Validation of the framework occurs in three stages: air solver, droplet solver, and ice solver, using experimental data from Bidwell et al. The air solver validation includes comparisons of pressure distribution and heat transfer coefficients around a sphere, showing strong agreement with experimental data. The droplet solver validation matches predicted collection efficiency with experimental results, demonstrating accurate droplet behavior modeling. The ice solver validation compares predicted ice accretion patterns with experimental observations, confirming the solver’s ability to replicate real-world ice formation. The detailed mesh structure, with fine grids near walls and high-resolution surface meshes, ensures accurate simulation of aerodynamic and thermal phenomena. This work significantly advances the understanding and prediction of ice accretion phenomena, essential for enhancing aircraft safety and performance in icing conditions.