The Dakhla BasinDakhla Basin consists of marine and continental sediments. Apart from the areas at Gebel KamilGebel Kamil and north of Bir SafsafBir Safsaf, which consists of graniteGranite and gneissGneiss, the region consists mainly of Quaternary, PaleocenePaleocene, Cretaceous, and Upper JurassicJurassic sediments. The Quaternary sediments cover more than half of the land surface. The quaternary sediments consist mostly of alluvial sandAlluvial sand sheets, aeolian sandAeolian sand sheets, dunes as well as playa sediments. In the wadis, there are fluvial sand and fluvial gravel deposits as well as gravel debrisDebris deposits at the foot of slopes from gullies. On the slopes of hills and scarps, debris and aeolian sand deposits are found. The tertiary is represented in the study region with five formations (Table 4.1). These are the Thebes, EsnaEsna, GarraGarra, Tarawan, and KurkurKurkur Formation. They occur in the north and east and are the only rock formations that contain limestones. Cretaceous sediments belong to the Nubian SandstoneNubian Sandstone series and consist of 6 formations. The Upper Cretaceous (Duwi, Mut, Maghrabi, and Taref Formation) consists mainly of sandy sediments, the Lower Cretaceous (Sabaya, Abu Ballas, and Six Hills Formation) of sandy to fine conglomerate as well as clay and silt sediments, which partly contain carbonateCarbonate. Lower Cretaceous is found on the slopes of Abu Tartur, in the foreshore of Abu Tartur and south of Dakhla Oases to the Great Sand Sea. The Lower Cretaceous form a chain of hills that extend from southwest to northeast. On the Gilf KebirGilf Kebir Plateau, there are sandstones and siltstonesSiltstones, which belong to the MaghrabiMaghrabi and the Sabaya Formation. Both Formations are found on the Gilf Kebir Formation, which also consists of sandstones and clay stones. The Gilf Kebir Formation is divided into the Lower Cretaceous and Upper JurassicJurassic. Its age is similar to that of the Abu Ballas and Six HillsSix Hills FormationSix Hills Formation. The Gilf Kebir Formation covers large areas south of the Gilf Kebir and an area near Gebel Kamils. The largest area of graniteGranite and gneissGneiss is located north of Bir SafsafBir Safsaf. Small granite and Quatzitic sandstoneSandstone outcrops can be found west of Gebel KamilGebel Kamil and near Nusab El BalgumNusab El Balgum. Basalt can be found on small areas mainly in the southwest and on the plateau of Gilf Kebir.