Imaging in pediatric oncology is taking on increasing roles in diagnosis, staging, treatment planning, and monitoring of response to therapy. Novel techniques, sparked by advances in hardware and software technologies, provide the driving force behind this expanding role of imaging. In this chapter, we define novel imaging as a new technique or a new application of an existing technique, which may be occasionally used in clinical care or solely used in research settings but is expected to be standard of care in the future. The techniques described below represent a sample of numerous technologies being developed but is not a comprehensive list. Many other advancements are ongoing and will undoubtedly impact the future of radiology. However, it is important to note that while technological advancements seem inevitable, the understanding of their ability to impact the treatment of pediatric patients with cancer will only come through rigorous study. Failure to keep up with the evaluation of new techniques may result in misguided ventures, lost time and money, and suboptimal care to patients.