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This chapter presents the results of research on a corpus of 366 fake news items in Polish, Czech, and Slovak. The research was conducted using assumptions and methodology inspired by linguistic language analysis and van Dijk’s theory of discourse and media genre. In terms of superstructures, the formal structure and semantics of fake news titles, aspects related to the encoding of emotions in the structure of the text and the construction of the position of the sender were analysed in detail. In terms of macrostructures, the narrative and discursive elements that produce the legitimacy of fake news and its subject matter were analysed. In conducting the analyses, the comparative aspect (similarities and differences in the three countries analysed) was taken into account. The broad context for the creation of the model was the news genre structure. As a result, a transnational model of fake news and its variants for individual countries were proposed, referring to both structural and semiotic features.

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Linguistic Structures of Disinformation Messages in the Form of Fake News in Poland, Czech Republic and Slovakia

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Karina Stasiuk-Krajewska,
  • Peter Krajčovič,
  • Ján Višňovský,
  • Jana Radošinská,
  • Martin Solík,
  • Lenka Labudová,
  • Ľuboš Greguš,
  • Klára Zubková,
  • Lucia Furtáková

摘要

This chapter presents the results of research on a corpus of 366 fake news items in Polish, Czech, and Slovak. The research was conducted using assumptions and methodology inspired by linguistic language analysis and van Dijk’s theory of discourse and media genre. In terms of superstructures, the formal structure and semantics of fake news titles, aspects related to the encoding of emotions in the structure of the text and the construction of the position of the sender were analysed in detail. In terms of macrostructures, the narrative and discursive elements that produce the legitimacy of fake news and its subject matter were analysed. In conducting the analyses, the comparative aspect (similarities and differences in the three countries analysed) was taken into account. The broad context for the creation of the model was the news genre structure. As a result, a transnational model of fake news and its variants for individual countries were proposed, referring to both structural and semiotic features.