Increasingly, information systems (IS) have become more collaborative and essential for enabling interaction, integration, and cooperation across diverse actors. These kinds of technologies reduce barriers across code-centric (e.g., low-code/no-code solutions), data-centric (e.g., conversational agents), and infrastructure-centric (e.g., Microsoft 365) dimensions, fostering new interaction paradigms and coordination models. The complexity and multitude of these collaborative, user-dependent IS necessitate a systematic classification to enhance their understanding and application. This paper develops a comprehensive taxonomy of these IS to address and integrate various streams. The taxonomy facilitates clear identification, distinction, and functionality assessment of these technologies, and guides stakeholders in leveraging them effectively. Further, we identify these systems based on their traits as ‘knowledge-integrating technologies’, which serves as a foundation for academic research, and highlights areas for innovation. By employing an established method for taxonomy development, this taxonomy fosters informed decision-making and strategic planning, and significantly contributes to the coherence and advancement of knowledge-integrating technologies.