One of the central themes of this work was the study of the interests of great empires toward the Caucasus, in particular on the kingdom of Georgia as the region’s pivotal state in the period roughly covering 500–1500. It was argued that Sasanian Iran had commercial interests in Lazika in the sixth century, though the majority of researchers have argued in favor of Iran’s interest in west Georgia mainly in terms of military interests. This research has indeed showed that Sasanian Iran’s expansion into the Caucasus was also economically motivated. The geography of the empire pushed it to seek territorial enlargement in which a critical role played the need to control trade routes. Other themes covered the kingdom of Georgia’s pursuit of control over major trade routes in the Caucasus region. It was argued that one of the causes of Georgia’s expansion southward in twelfth century was indeed the ambition to dominate silk roads. Last but not least major argument concerned the decline of silk roads in the Mongol-Temurid period.