Determining what is “really” happening in a complex system is tricky. A system can work “as if” some structure or process is happening, when another perspective suggests these things aren’t involved. Further, a system may actually work in a way that’s different from what its designers imagined, when new behavior emerges in the evolution of the system. We can be fooled in these ways, and “read in” an interpretation of a system’s behavior, without firm support.