Bark and wood boring insects, such as bark beetles, longhorn beetles, jewel beetles, and woodwasps, are major pests in pine forests globally, causing significant tree mortality and productivity loss. The spread of Pinus species for forestry has facilitated these pests’ movement to new regions. The impracticality, feasibility and sustainability issues associated with traditional chemical control methods has prompted a shift towards ecofriendly biological control measures. This chapter reviews three biological control case studies in pine plantations: Sirex noctilio, Ips grandicollis, and Orthotomicus erosus. Sirex noctilio, a destructive woodwasp, has been managed in the southern hemisphere using parasitoid wasps and the parasitic nematode Deladenus siricidicola. Despite occasional large outbreaks, intensive biological control efforts and silvicultural interventions have effectively controlled its populations. Ips grandicollis, a secondary pest in Australian pine plantations, was targeted by a national biological control program. The successful establishment of two parasitoid species, Roptrocerus xylophagorum and Dendrosoter sulcatus, has contributed to managing this pest to some extent. Orthotomicus erosus, introduced to South Africa, has been managed by releasing parasitoids, particularly Dendrosoter caenopachoides, which established in the southwestern Cape and demonstrated effective parasitism rates. These cases demonstrate the potential of biological control in sustainable forest pest management. Successful programs require collaborative efforts, the introduction of diverse control agents, continuous monitoring and adaptive strategies to address bark and wood boring pest management amidst evolving environmental scenarios and forest pest dynamics.