ADR for Consumer Disputes in the Consumer Protection Legislation of North Macedonia
摘要
Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) is a mechanism that allows consumers and traders to resolve disputes efficiently and effectively. The European Union (EU) has a comprehensive framework for ADR, which is currently under revision. This revision aims to adapt the ADR framework to digital markets, enhance access to ADR in cross-border disputes through digital tools, and streamline ADR procedures. The Directive on Consumer ADR encompasses all categories of disputes pertaining to EU consumer rights and encourages traders to increase their participation in ADR claims through the duty to respond. In North Macedonia, a new Consumer Protection Law, transposing various EU directives related to consumer protection, came into effect in 2022. This law contributes to establishing a legal framework that ensures a higher level of consumer rights protection. It also provides mechanisms for swiftly resolving disputes between traders and consumers. The law favours alternative dispute resolution mechanisms, but the legal framework for ADR in consumer disputes is yet to be fully established. In summary, both the EU and North Macedonia have robust frameworks for consumer protection. These frameworks aim to safeguard consumer rights, ensure fair trade practices, and provide effective mechanisms for dispute resolution. As the EU legislation and practices in this field are evolving and improving, policymakers and enforcement agencies in North Macedonia are yet to catch up and provide an environment conducive to ADR for consumer disputes.