In this chapter, I provide an account of my meeting with Dr. Jane Goodall. The aim of this meeting was to obtain permission to conduct research at Gombe National Park. I recount how she suggested that I should read Harry Harlow’s work. Harlow’s work has direct implications for our understanding of human and nonhuman caregiver and infant interaction. I describe how the study of the caregiver-infant interaction has deep roots in both human and nonhuman studies. As an example, I show how the study of attachment, one of the most important concepts in the study of mother-infant interaction, has its roots in both human and nonhuman animal studies. Navigating the first part of the tension described earlier, I focus on three key ideas that we have identified through Harlow’s work and that have been deeply influential for the study of mother and infant interaction in primates.